Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ikoreshwa ry'imiyoboro y'icyuma idafite icyuma ryagaragaye cyane mu nganda zitandukanye ku isi. Iyi miyoboro izwiho ubuziranenge bwayo, iramba, kandi ihindagurika, bigatuma ihitamo kubisabwa bitabarika. Kuva kuri peteroli na gaze kugeza mubwubatsi n’imodoka, imiyoboro yicyuma idafite icyerekezo yagaragaye nkibintu byingenzi mubikorwa remezo niterambere. Reka twinjire cyane mubyiza byimiyoboro idafite ibyuma ninganda basanze zikoreshwa cyane.
Urwego rwa peteroli na gaze:
Mu nganda za peteroli na gazi, imiyoboro idafite ibyuma ifite uruhare runini mu gutwara no gukwirakwiza ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu ntera ndende. Bitewe n'imbaraga zidasanzwe, iyi miyoboro irashobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi, bigatuma iba nziza mubisabwa bijyanye no gutwara ibintu byangirika kandi bihindagurika. Byongeye kandi, imiyoboro y'icyuma idafite icyerekezo itanga imiyoboro idasohoka, itanga ubusugire n'umutekano by'imiyoboro ya peteroli na gaze.
Inganda zubaka:
Imiyoboro idafite ibyuma isanga ikoreshwa cyane murwego rwubwubatsi, cyane cyane mukubaka imiterere yimiterere, gushyigikira inkingi, nishingiro. Iyi miyoboro itanga imbaraga zidasanzwe, ibafasha kwikorera imitwaro iremereye no guhangana nikirere gikabije. Imiterere idahwitse yiyi miyoboro ikuraho ibyago byintege nke cyangwa gutsindwa, bizamura ubusugire bwimiterere yinyubako nibikorwa remezo. Byongeye kandi, imitungo yabo irwanya ruswa itanga kuramba hamwe nigiciro cyo kubungabunga.
Ibinyabiziga no gutwara abantu:
Imiyoboro idafite ibyuma ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’imodoka, cyane cyane mu gukora sisitemu ziva mu kirere, ibinyabiziga bitwara ibinyabiziga, hamwe n’ibigize imiterere. Ubushyuhe budasanzwe hamwe n’umuvuduko ukabije, bifatanije nubushobozi bwabo bwo kugabanya kunyeganyega, bituma biba byiza mukuzamura imikorere yikinyabiziga n'umutekano. Byongeye kandi, imiyoboro idafite ibyuma igira uruhare runini muri lisansi yimodoka bitewe nuburyo bworoshye.
Urwego rw'ingufu:
Amasoko y'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa nk'izuba n'umuyaga byishingikiriza cyane ku miyoboro y'icyuma idafite icyerekezo cyo kubaka amashanyarazi. Iyi miyoboro ikoreshwa muguhimba imirasire y'izuba, imiterere ya turbine y'umuyaga, n'imiyoboro yohereza. Imbaraga zabo zikomeye hamwe no guhangana nikirere gikaze bituma bahitamo neza kubikorwa nkibi bikoresha ingufu.
Ibikorwa Remezo no gutanga amazi:
Imiyoboro idafite ibyuma ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa remezo, harimo ibiraro, tunel, na gari ya moshi. Guhinduranya kwinshi n'imbaraga zabo zituma abantu batwara neza abantu. Byongeye kandi, imiyoboro idafite ibyuma ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yo gutanga amazi kubera ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhangana n’umuvuduko mwinshi w’amazi. Bemeza ko ikwirakwizwa ry’amazi mu mutekano kandi rirambye mu mijyi, bikagabanya ibyago byo kumeneka no kwangirika kw’ibikorwa remezo.
Umwanzuro:
Kwiyongera kwifashisha imiyoboro yicyuma idafite inganda mu nganda zinyuranye byerekana imico yabo ninyungu zidasanzwe. Kuva imiyoboro ya peteroli na gaze kugeza imishinga yubwubatsi hamwe na sisitemu yingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, imiyoboro yicyuma idafite ingirakamaro byagaragaye ko ari ntangarugero mukuzamura igihe kirekire, umutekano, no gukora neza. Inganda zishingiye ku kurwanya ruswa, kwihanganira umuvuduko ukabije, no kuba inyangamugayo. Hamwe no kwiyemeza guhanga udushya no gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, biteganijwe ko imiyoboro y’icyuma idafite icyuma izakomeza iterambere ryayo ishimishije mu gihe igira uruhare mu iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo birambye ku isi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-15-2023